[May-2022] The Best CompTIA CASP Study Guide for the CAS-004 Exam [Q15-Q35]

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[May-2022] The Best CompTIA CASP Study Guide for the CAS-004 Exam

CAS-004 certification guide Q&A from Training Expert ActualPDF

CompTIA CAS-004 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Security Architecture 29%
Given a scenario, analyze the security requirements and objectives to ensure an appropriate, secure network architecture for a new or existing network.	– Services Load balancer Intrusion detection system (IDS)/network intrusion detection system (NIDS)/wireless intrusion detection system (WIDS) Intrusion prevention system (IPS)/network intrusion prevention system (NIPS)/wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) Web application firewall (WAF) Network access control (NAC) Virtual private network (VPN) Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC) Firewall/unified threat management (UTM)/next-generation firewall (NGFW) Network address translation (NAT) gateway Internet gateway Forward/transparent proxy Reverse proxy Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) protection Routers Mail security Application programming interface (API) gateway/Extensible Markup Language (XML) gateway Traffic mirroring -Switched port analyzer (SPAN) ports -Port mirroring – Virtual private cloud (VPC) -Network tap Sensors -Security information and event management (SIEM) -File integrity monitoring (FIM) -Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) traps -NetFlow -Data loss prevention (DLP) -Antivirus – Segmentation Microsegmentation Local area network (LAN)/virtual local area network (VLAN) Jump box Screened subnet Data zones Staging environments Guest environments VPC/virtual network (VNET) Availability zone NAC lists Policies/security groups Regions Access control lists (ACLs) Peer-to-peer Air gap – Deperimeterization/zero trust Cloud Remote work Mobile Outsourcing and contracting Wireless/radio frequency (RF) networks – Merging of networks from various organizations Peering Cloud to on premises Data sensitivity levels Mergers and acquisitions Cross-domain Federation Directory services – Software-defined networking (SDN) Open SDN Hybrid SDN SDN overlay
Given a scenario, analyze the organizational requirements to determine the proper infrastructure security design.	– Scalability Vertically Horizontally – Resiliency High availability Diversity/heterogeneity Course of action orchestration Distributed allocation Redundancy Replication Clustering – Automation Autoscaling Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) Bootstrapping – Performance – Containerization – Virtualization – Content delivery network – Caching
Given a scenario, integrate software applications securely into an enterprise architecture.	– Baseline and templates Secure design patterns/ types of web technologies -Storage design patterns Container APIs Secure coding standards Application vetting processes API management Middleware – Software assurance Sandboxing/development environment Validating third-party libraries Defined DevOps pipeline Code signing Interactive application security testing (IAST) vs. dynamic application security testing (DAST) vs. static application security testing (SAST) – Considerations of integrating enterprise applications Customer relationship management (CRM) Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Configuration management database (CMDB) Content management system (CMS) Integration enablers -Directory services -Domain name system (DNS) -Service-oriented architecture (SOA) -Enterprise service bus (ESB) – Integrating security into development life cycle Formal methods Requirements Fielding Insertions and upgrades Disposal and reuse Testing -Regression -Unit testing -Integration testing Development approaches -SecDevOps -Agile -Waterfall -Spiral -Versioning -Continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines Best practices -Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) -Proper Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers
Given a scenario, implement data security techniques for securing enterprise architecture.	– Data loss prevention Blocking use of external media Print blocking Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) blocking Clipboard privacy controls Restricted virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) implementation Data classification blocking – Data loss detection Watermarking Digital rights management (DRM) Network traffic decryption/deep packet inspection Network traffic analysis – Data classification, labeling, and tagging Metadata/attributes – Obfuscation Tokenization Scrubbing Masking – Anonymization – Encrypted vs. unencrypted – Data life cycle Create Use Share Store Archive Destroy – Data inventory and mapping – Data integrity management – Data storage, backup, and recovery Redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID)
Given a scenario, analyze the security requirements and objectives to provide the appropriate authentication and authorization controls.	– Credential management Password repository application -End-user password storage -On premises vs. cloud repository Hardware key manager Privileged access management – Password policies Complexity Length Character classes History Maximum/minimum age Auditing Reversable encryption – Federation Transitive trust OpenID Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) Shibboleth – Access control Mandatory access control (MAC) Discretionary access control (DAC) Role-based access control Rule-based access control Attribute-based access control – Protocols Remote Authentication Dial-in User Server (RADIUS) Terminal Access Controller Access Control System (TACACS) Diameter Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Kerberos OAuth 802.1X Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) – Multifactor authentication (MFA) Two-factor authentication (2FA) 2-Step Verification In-band Out-of-band – One-time password (OTP) HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) Time-based one-time password (TOTP) – Hardware root of trust- Single sign-on (SSO)- JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) web token (JWT)- Attestation and identity proofing
Given a set of requirements, implement secure cloud and virtualization solutions.	– Virtualization strategies Type 1 vs. Type 2 hypervisors Containers Emulation Application virtualization VDI – Provisioning and deprovisioning – Middleware – Metadata and tags – Deployment models and considerations Business directives -Cost -Scalability -Resources -Location -Data protection Cloud deployment models -Private -Public -Hybrid -Community – Hosting models Multitenant Single-tenant – Service models Software as a service (SaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) – Cloud provider limitations Internet Protocol (IP) address scheme VPC peering – Extending appropriate on-premises controls – Storage models Object storage/file-based storage Database storage Block storage Blob storage Key-value pairs
Explain how cryptography and public key infrastructure (PKI) support security objectives and requirements.	– Privacy and confidentiality requirements – Integrity requirements – Non-repudiation – Compliance and policy requirements – Common cryptography use cases Data at rest Data in transit Data in process/data in use Protection of web services Embedded systems Key escrow/management Mobile security Secure authentication Smart card – Common PKI use cases Web services Email Code signing Federation Trust models VPN Enterprise and security automation/orchestration
Explain the impact of emerging technologies on enterprise security and privacy.	– Artificial intelligence – Machine learning – Quantum computing – Blockchain – Homomorphic encryption Private information retrieval Secure function evaluation Private function evaluation – Secure multiparty computation – Distributed consensus – Big Data – Virtual/augmented reality – 3-D printing – Passwordless authentication – Nano technology – Deep learning Natural language processing Deep fakes -Biometric impersonation
Security Operations 30%
Given a scenario, perform threat management activities.	– Intelligence types Tactical -Commodity malware Strategic -Targeted attacks Operational -Threat hunting -Threat emulation – Actor types Advanced persistent threat (APT)/nation-state Insider threat Competitor Hacktivist Script kiddie Organized crime – Threat actor properties Resource -Time -Money Supply chain access Create vulnerabilities Capabilities/sophistication Identifying techniques – Intelligence collection methods Intelligence feeds Deep web Proprietary Open-source intelligence (OSINT) Human intelligence (HUMINT) – Frameworks MITRE Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, & Common knowledge (ATT&CK) -ATT&CK for industrial control system (ICS) Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis Cyber Kill Chain
Given a scenario, analyze indicators of compromise and formulate an appropriate response.	– Indicators of compromise Packet capture (PCAP) Logs -Network logs -Vulnerability logs -Operating system logs -Access logs -NetFlow logs Notifications -FIM alerts -SIEM alerts -DLP alerts -IDS/IPS alerts -Antivirus alerts Notification severity/priorities Unusual process activity – Response Firewall rules IPS/IDS rules ACL rules Signature rules Behavior rules DLP rules Scripts/regular expressions
Given a scenario, perform vulnerability management activities.	– Vulnerability scans Credentialed vs. non-credentialed Agent-based/server-based Criticality ranking Active vs. passive – Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) Extensible Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF) Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language (OVAL) Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Common Configuration Enumeration (CCE) Asset Reporting Format (ARF) – Self-assessment vs. third-party vendor assessment – Patch management – Information sources Advisories Bulletins Vendor websites Information Sharing and Analysis Centers (ISACs) News reports
Given a scenario, use the appropriate vulnerability assessment and penetration testing methods and tools.	– Methods Static analysis Dynamic analysis Side-channel analysis Reverse engineering -Software -Hardware Wireless vulnerability scan Software composition analysis Fuzz testing ivoting Post-exploitation Persistence – Tools SCAP scanner Network traffic analyzer Vulnerability scanner Protocol analyzer Port scanner HTTP interceptor Exploit framework Password cracker – Dependency management – Requirements Scope of work Rules of engagement Invasive vs. non-invasive Asset inventory Permissions and access Corporate policy considerations Facility considerations Physical security considerations Rescan for corrections/changes
Given a scenario, analyze vulnerabilities and recommend risk mitigations.	– Vulnerabilities Race conditions Overflows -Buffer -Integer Broken authentication Unsecure references Poor exception handling Security misconfiguration Improper headers Information disclosure Certificate errors Weak cryptography implementations Weak ciphers Weak cipher suite implementations Software composition analysis Use of vulnerable frameworks and software modules Use of unsafe functions Third-party libraries -Dependencies -Code injections/malicious changes -End of support/end of life -Regression issues – Inherently vulnerable system/application Client-side processing vs. server-side processing JSON/representational state transfer (REST) Browser extensions -Flash -ActiveX Hypertext Markup Language 5 (HTML5) Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) Machine code vs. bytecode or interpreted vs. emulated – Attacks Directory traversal Cross-site scripting (XSS) Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) Injection -XML -LDAP -Structured Query Language (SQL) -Command -Process Sandbox escape Virtual machine (VM) hopping VM escape Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)/route hijacking Interception attacks Denial-of-service (DoS)/DDoS Authentication bypass Social engineering VLAN hopping
Given a scenario, use processes to reduce risk.	– Proactive and detection Hunts Developing countermeasures Deceptive technologies -Honeynet -Honeypot -Decoy files -Simulators -Dynamic network configurations – Security data analytics Processing pipelines -Data -Stream Indexing and search Log collection and curation Database activity monitoring – Preventive Antivirus Immutable systems Hardening Sandbox detonation – Application control License technologies Allow list vs. block list Time of check vs. time of use Atomic execution – Security automation Cron/scheduled tasks Bash PowerShell Python – Physical security Review of lighting Review of visitor logs Camera reviews Open spaces vs. confined spaces
Given an incident, implement the appropriate response.	– Event classifications False positive False negative True positive True negative – Triage event – Preescalation tasks – Incident response process Preparation Detection Analysis Containment Recovery Lessons learned – Specific response playbooks/processes Scenarios -Ransomware -Data exfiltration -Social engineering Non-automated response methods Automated response methods -Runbooks -SOAR – Communication plan – Stakeholder management
Explain the importance of forensic concepts.	– Legal vs. internal corporate purposes – Forensic process Identification Evidence collection -Chain of custody -Order of volatility 1. Memory snapshots 2. Images -Cloning Evidence preservation -Secure storage -Backups Analysis -Forensics tools Verification Presentation – Integrity preservation Hashing – Cryptanalysis – Steganalysis
Given a scenario, use forensic analysis tools.	– File carving tools Foremost Strings – Binary analysis tools Hex dump Binwalk Ghidra GNU Project debugger (GDB) OllyDbg readelf objdump strace ldd file – Analysis tools ExifTool Nmap Aircrack-ng Volatility The Sleuth Kit Dynamically vs. statically linked – Imaging tools Forensic Toolkit (FTK) Imager dd – Hashing utilities sha256sum ssdeep – Live collection vs. post-mortem tools netstat ps vmstat ldd lsof netcat tcpdump conntrack Wireshark
Security Engineering and Cryptography 26%
Given a scenario, apply secure configurations to enterprise mobility	– Managed configurations Application control Password MFA requirements Token-based access Patch repository Firmware Over-the-Air Remote wipe WiFi -WiFi Protected Access (WPA2/3) -Device certificates Profiles Bluetooth Near-field communication (NFC) Peripherals Geofencing VPN settings Geotagging Certificate management Full device encryption Tethering Airplane mode Location services DNS over HTTPS (DoH) Custom DNS – Deployment scenarios Bring your own device (BYOD) Corporate-owned Corporate owned, personally enabled (COPE) Choose your own device (CYOD) – Security considerations Unauthorized remote activation/deactivation of devices or features Encrypted and unencrypted communication concerns Physical reconnaissance Personal data theft Health privacy Implications of wearable devices Digital forensics of collected data Unauthorized application stores Jailbreaking/rooting Side loading Containerization Original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and carrier differences Supply chain issues eFuse
Given a scenario, configure and implement endpoint security controls.	– Hardening techniques Removing unneeded services Disabling unused accounts Images/templates Remove end-of-life devices Remove end-of-support devices Local drive encryption Enable no execute (NX)/execute never (XN) bit Disabling central processing unit (CPU) virtualization support Secure encrypted enclaves/memory encryption Shell restrictions Address space layout randomization (ASLR) – Processes Patching Firmware Application Logging Monitoring – Mandatory access control Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux)/Security-Enhanced Android (SEAndroid) Kernel vs. middleware – Trustworthy computing Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Secure Boot Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)/basic input/output system (BIOS) protection Attestation services Hardware security module (HSM) Measured boot Self-encrypting drives (SEDs) – Compensating controls Antivirus Application controls Host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS)/Host-based intrusion prevention system (HIPS) Host-based firewall Endpoint detection and response (EDR) Redundant hardware Self-healing hardware User and entity behavior analytics (UEBA)
Explain security considerations impacting specific sectors and operational technologies.	– Embedded Internet of Things (IoT) System on a chip (SoC) Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) – ICS/supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) Programmable logic controller (PLC) Historian Ladder logic Safety instrumented system Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) – Protocols Controller Area Network (CAN) bus Modbus Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3) Zigbee Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) Data distribution service – Sectors Energy Manufacturing Healthcare Public utilities Public services Facility services
Explain how cloud technology adoption impacts organizational security.	– Automation and orchestration- Encryption configuration – Logs Availability Collection Monitoring Configuration Alerting – Monitoring configurations – Key ownership and location – Key life-cycle management – Backup and recovery methods Cloud as business continuity and disaster recovery (BCDR) Primary provider BCDR Alternative provider BCDR – Infrastructure vs. serverless computing – Application virtualization – Software-defined networking – Misconfigurations – Collaboration tools – Storage configurations Bit splitting Data dispersion – Cloud access security broker (CASB)
Given a business requirement, implement the appropriate PKI solution.	– PKI hierarchy Certificate authority (CA) Subordinate/intermediate CA Registration authority (RA) – Certificate types Wildcard certificate Extended validation Multidomain General purpose – Certificate usages/profiles/templates Client authentication Server authentication Digital signatures Code signing – Extensions Common name (CN) Subject alternate name (SAN) – Trusted providers – Trust model – Cross-certification – Configure profiles – Life-cycle management – Public and private keys – Digital signature – Certificate pinning – Certificate stapling – Certificate signing requests (CSRs) – Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) vs. certificate revocation list (CRL) – HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)
Given a business requirement, implement the appropriate cryptographic protocols and algorithms.	– Hashing Secure Hashing Algorithm (SHA) Hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) Message digest (MD) RACE integrity primitives evaluation message digest (RIPEMD) Poly1305 – Symmetric algorithms Modes of operation -Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) -Electronic codebook (ECB) -Cipher block chaining (CBC) -Counter (CTR) -Output feedback (OFB) Stream and block -Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) -Triple digital encryption standard (3DES) -ChaCha -Salsa20 – Asymmetric algorithms Key agreement -Diffie-Hellman -Elliptic-curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) Signing -Digital signature algorithm (DSA) -Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA) -Elliptic-curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) – Protocols Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/Transport Layer Security (TLS) Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) Secure Shell (SSH) EAP – Elliptic curve cryptography P256 P384 – Forward secrecy – Authenticated encryption with associated data- Key stretching Password-based key derivation function 2 (PBKDF2) Bcrypt

CompTIA CASP+ Exam Certification Details:

Duration	165 mins
Exam Name	CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner (CASP+)
Books / Training	CASP+ CAS-004
Schedule Exam	CompTIA Marketplace Pearson VUE
Sample Questions	CompTIA CASP+ Sample Questions
Number of Questions	90
Exam Price	$466 (USD)
Passing Score	Pass / Fail